Boron

The overlooked trace mineral for bone health, testosterone, and cognitive function

Also known as: Sodium Borate • Boron Citrate • Boron Glycinate

other Names
Sodium Borate, Boron Citrate, Boron Glycinate
primary Benefits
Bone health, hormone metabolism, cognitive function, inflammation
common Dose
3–6mg daily
best Form
Boron citrate or boron glycinate
timing
With any meal
safety Rating
Safe at recommended doses; upper limit 20mg/day for adults

Overview

Boron is an ultra-trace mineral that has been largely overlooked in mainstream nutrition despite growing evidence of its importance for bone health, hormonal balance, cognitive function, and inflammation. The human body contains about 20mg of boron, concentrated in bones, teeth, and parathyroid glands. Boron influences the metabolism of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus — all critical for bone health. It also affects steroid hormone metabolism, including testosterone and estrogen. A landmark USDA study found that boron supplementation in postmenopausal women reduced urinary calcium and magnesium excretion by 40% while increasing serum estradiol and testosterone levels. More recent research suggests boron has anti-inflammatory properties, supports cognitive function, and may play a role in wound healing.

Key Benefits

Bone Health

Boron reduces urinary excretion of calcium and magnesium by 40%, effectively keeping these bone-building minerals in the body. It also activates vitamin D, enhancing calcium absorption. Epidemiological data shows lower arthritis rates in regions with higher boron intake.

Hormone Metabolism

Boron supplementation (6mg/day) increased free testosterone by 25% and reduced estradiol by 39% in healthy men within one week. It also increases DHEA levels. These effects are likely mediated through boron's influence on sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG).

Cognitive Function

Boron deprivation studies show impaired brain electrical activity, poorer performance on cognitive tasks, and reduced manual dexterity. Supplementation restores these functions, suggesting boron is necessary for optimal brain performance.

Anti-Inflammatory

Boron reduces inflammatory markers including C-reactive protein (CRP), TNF-α, and IL-6. This may explain its traditional use for arthritis and joint pain. Regions with higher boron intake consistently show lower arthritis prevalence.

Dosage & How to Take

3-6mg daily with food

PurposeDoseNotes
General health3mg dailyAddresses common dietary shortfall
Bone health3-6mg dailyCombine with calcium, D3, K2, magnesium
Testosterone support6mg dailyBased on the testosterone study
Arthritis / inflammation6-9mg dailyHigher end of range; stay under 20mg

Best Time to Take

With any meal. No specific timing requirements.

With or Without Food

Take with food for best absorption

Forms & Bioavailability

FormAbsorptionBest ForNotes
Boron CitrateGoodGeneral useWell-absorbed, commonly available
Boron GlycinateGoodGentle on stomachChelated form
Calcium FructoborateGoodJoint healthNatural form found in fruits and vegetables
Borax (Sodium Borate)GoodNot recommendedIndustrial chemical — use supplement forms instead

Side Effects & Safety

Common

  • Very well-tolerated at recommended doses
  • Mild GI upset at higher doses

Rare

  • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea at very high doses (50mg+)

Contraindications

  • Kidney disease (impaired excretion)
  • Do not exceed 20mg/day

Interactions

Estrogen therapyModerate

May increase estrogen levels — monitor

Testosterone therapyLow

May have additive effects on free testosterone

Scientific Research

1987FASEB Journal

USDA Boron Deprivation Study

3mg/day boron reduced urinary calcium excretion by 44% and magnesium excretion by 33% in postmenopausal women

2011Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology

Testosterone Study

6mg/day boron for one week increased free testosterone by 25% and decreased estradiol by 39% in healthy men

1994Environmental Health Perspectives

Cognitive Function

Boron deprivation impaired cognitive performance, brain electrical activity, and motor speed/dexterity

Food Sources

Avocados
Raisins and prunes
Almonds and hazelnuts
Apples and pears
Leafy greens
Chickpeas

Frequently Asked Questions

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare professional before starting any supplement regimen, especially if you have pre-existing health conditions or are taking medications. The statements on this page have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.